Masimo Radical Signal Extraction Manuel de l'opérateur télécharger pdf (Page 10)

1-6 Radical-7 Signal Extraction Pulse CO-Oximeter Operator’s Manual Radical-7 Signal Extraction Pulse CO-Oximeter Operator’s Manual 1-7

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FUNCTIONAL SATURATION

The Radical-7 is calibrated to measure and display functional saturation (SpO

): the

amount of oxyhemoglobin expressed as a percentage of the hemoglobin that is available

to transport oxygen. Note that carboxyhemoglobin and methemoglobin are not capable

of transporting oxygen, but is recognized as oxygenated hemoglobin by conventional

pulse oximetry.

MEASURED VS. CALCULATED SATURATION

SpO

, SpMet and SpCO measurements that can be obtained from the Radical-7 are

commonly compared to invasive measurements obtained from blood gas samples. When

comparing invasive and noninvasive measurements and interpreting values, caution

should be used, as the calculated values obtained from the blood gas sample may differ

from the SpO

, SpMet and SpCO measurements of the Pulse CO-Oximeter. In the case

of SpO

, different results are usually obtained from the arterial blood gas sample if the

calculated measurement is not appropriately corrected for the effects of variables that

shift the relationship between the partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) and saturation, such

as: pH, temperature, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2), 2,3-DPG, and fetal

hemoglobin. In the case of SpMet and SpCO, in addition to the effects of temperature

and pH, different results are also expected if concentration of methemoglobin in the blood

gas sample are abnormal (less than 90% for arterial oxygen saturation, and greater than

2% for methemoglobin concentration). As blood gas samples are usually taken over a

period of 20 seconds (the time it takes to draw the blood) a meaningful comparison

can only be achieved if the oxygen saturation, carboxyhemoglobin and methemoglobin

concentration of the patient are stable and not changing over the period of time that the

blood gas sample is taken.

MASIMO SET SIGNAL EXTRACTION TECHNOLOGY FOR SpO

MEASUREMENTS

Masimo Signal Extraction Technology’s signal processing differs from conventional pulse

oximeters. Conventional pulse oximeters assume that arterial blood is the only blood mov-

ing (pulsating) in the measurement site. During patient motion, however, the non-arterial

blood also moves, causing conventional pulse oximeters to read low values, because

they cannot distinguish between the arterial and venous blood movement (sometimes

referred to as noise). Masimo SET pulse oximetry utilizes parallel engines and adaptive

digital ﬁ ltering. Adaptive ﬁ lters are powerful because they are able to adapt to the varying

physiologic signals and/or noise and separate them by looking at the whole signal and

breaking it down to its fundamental components. The Masimo SET signal processing

algorithm, Discrete Saturation Transform

(DST

) reliably identiﬁ es the noise, isolates it

and, using adaptive ﬁ lters, cancels it. It then reports the true arterial oxygen saturation

for display on the monitor.

SpMet AND SpCO MEASUREMENTS DURING PATIENT MOTION

The Radical-7 displays measurements of SpMet and SpCO during patient motion.

However, because of the changes in the physiological parameters such as blood volume,

arterial-venous coupling, etc. that occur during patient motion, the accuracy of such mea-

surements may not be readable during excessive motion.

MASIMO RAINBOW SET PARALLEL ENGINES

MASIMO SET DST

Intermediate Calculations

Confidence

Intermediate Calculations

Confidence

Intermediate Calculations

Confidence

Intermediate Calculations

Confidence

Intermediate Calculations

Confidence

Intermediate Calculations

Confidence

Intermediate Calculations

Confidence

Pre-Processing &

Data Reduction

Digitized, Filtered &

Normalized

LED

Wavelengths

R/IR

(Conventional

Pulse Oximetry)

DST

Adaptive

Filter

SST ™

FST:

Proprietary

Algorithm 3

FST:

Proprietary

Algorithm 4

Rainbow

Specific

Algorithms

Pulse

Rate

Algorithm

Confidence

Based

Arbitrator

Post

Processor

%SpO

%SpCO

%SpMet

This ﬁ gure is for conceptual purposes only.

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Masimo Radical Signal Extraction Manuel de l'opérateur Page 10

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Produits connexes et manuels pour Détecteurs de monoxyde de carbone (CO) Masimo Radical Signal Extraction